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世界上最优美的散文--人生短篇-第9章

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 we di e we ought to be able to say: “we were happy for so very many days!〃 millions o f kisses even to your dog。

    论爱情

    弗朗西斯。培根

    弗朗西斯。培根(1561—1626),英国著名的哲学家和科学家。他在文艺复兴时期的巨人 中被尊称为哲学史和科学史上划时代的人物。培根是近代哲学史上首先提出经验论原则的哲 学家,对近代科学的建立起了积极的推动作用,对人类哲学史、科学史都作出了重大的历史 贡献。为此,罗素尊称培根为“给科学研究程序进行逻辑组织化的先驱”。

    舞台上的爱情往往要比生活中的爱情美好得多。因为在舞台上,爱情只是喜剧和悲剧的 素材,但在人生中,爱情却常常招来不幸。它有时像那引诱人的魔女,有时又像那复仇的女 神。

    你应该看到,一切真正伟大的人物(无论是古代、现代,只要是其英名能永铭于人类记 忆中的),没有一个人是因爱情而发狂的;完成伟大事业的人中只有罗马的安东尼和克劳底 亚是例外。虽然前者本『性』就荒『淫』好『色』,但后者却是足智多谋的人。这说明爱情不仅会占领开 明宽广的胸怀,也能闯入壁垒森严的心灵——只要你抵御不严的话。

    埃辟克拉斯曾说过一句傻话:“人生不过是一场戏。”似乎人类不应去努力追求高尚的 事业,而只应像玩偶般地逢场作戏。虽然做爱情的奴隶与那些只顾吃喝的禽兽是不同的,但 毕竟也只是做皮肉『色』相的奴隶,而上帝赐人以眼睛是有更高尚的用途的。

    过度地追求爱情,必然会损害人本身的价值。例如,只有在爱情中,那种浮夸献媚的词 令才大行其道。而在其他场合,这样的词令只能招人耻笑。古人有一句名言:“人们总是把 最大的奉承留给自己。”——只有对情人的奉承要算例外。因为甚至那些最骄傲的人,也甘 愿在情人面前自轻自贱。所以古人说得好:“就是神在爱情中也难保持聪明。”情人的这种 弱点不仅在外人眼中是明显的,就是在被追求者的眼中也会很明显——除非她(他)也在追 求他(她)。所以,爱情的代价就是如此,如果得不到回爱,就会得到深藏心底的轻蔑,这 是永恒的真理。

    由此可见,人们应当对这种感情十分警惕。因为它不但会使人丧失其他,而且可以使人 『迷』失自己。甚至更重大的损失,古代诗人早告诉我们,那些海伦的追求者,放弃了财富和智 慧。

    不知是什么原因,许多军人会更容易堕入情网,也许这正如他们嗜爱饮酒一样,危险的 生活更需要欢乐的补偿。

    人们心中可能普遍都有一种博爱的倾向,若不是集中于某个专一的对象身上,就必将施 之于更广泛的大众,他将成为仁善的人,像有的僧侣那样。

    夫妻的爱,可以使人类繁衍;朋友的爱,可以给人以帮助。但那使人荒『淫』纵欲的爱,只 会使人堕落毁灭!

    of love

    fransics bacon

    the stage is more beholding to love; than the life of man。 for as to the sta ge; love is ever matter of comedies; and now and then of tragedies; but in life it doth much mischief; sometimes like a siren; sometimes like a fury。

    you may observe; that amongst all the great and worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth; either ancient or recent) there is not one; that hath been tra nsported to the mad degree of love: which shows that great spirits; and great bu siness; do keep out this weak passion。 you must except; nevertheless; marcus ant onius; the half partner of the empire of rome; and appius claudius; the decemvir and lawgiver; whereof the former was indeed a voluptuous man; and inordinate; b ut the latter was an austere and wise man: and therefore it seems (though rarely ) that love can find entrance; not only into an open heart; but also into a hear t well fortified; if watch be not well kept。

    it is a poor saying of epicurus; satis magnum alter alteri theatrum sumus; a s if man; made for the contemplation of heaven; and all noble objects; should do nothing but kneel before a little idol; and make himself a subject; though not of the mouth (as beasts are); yet of the eye; which was given him for higher pur poses。

    it is a strange thing; to note the excess of this passion; and how it braves the nature; and value of things; by this; that the speaking in a perpetual hype rbole; is comely in nothing but in love。 neither is it merely in the phrase; for whereas it hath been well said; that the archflatterer; with whom all the pet ty flatterers have intelligence; is a man's self; certainly the lover is more。 f or there was never proud man thought so absurdly well of himself; as the lover d oth of the person loved; and therefore it was well said。 that it is impossible t o love; and to be wise。 neither doth this weakness appear to others only; and no t to the party loved; but to the loved most of all; except the love be reciproqu e。 for it is a true rule; that love is ever rewarded; either with the reciproque ; or with an inward and secret contempt。

    by how much the more; men ought to beware of this passion; which loseth not only other things; but itself! as for the other losses; the poet's relation doth well figure them: that he that preferred helena; quitted the gifts of juno and pallas。 for whosoever esteemeth too much of amorous affection; quitteth both ric hes and wisdom。

    i know not how; but martial men are given to love: i think; it is but as the y are given to wine; for perils commonly ask to be paid in pleasures。

    there is in man's nature; a secret inclination and motion; towards love of o thers; which if it be not spent upon some one or a few; doth naturally spread it self towards many; and maketh men become humane and charitable; as it is seen so metime in friars。

    nuptial love maketh mankind; friendly love perfecteth it; but wanton love co rrupteth; and embaseth it。

    维克多。雨果致阿黛勒。福契

    维克多。雨果

    维克多。雨果(1802—1885),法国伟大的浪漫主义作家,13岁即开始写作。他的著作 影响深远,深刻反映了19世纪法国社会生活和政治斗争中的重大事件。主要作品有《巴黎圣 母院》、《悲惨世界》、《笑面人》、《九三年》等。

    我亲爱的阿黛勒:

    你的几句话就改变了我的心情。是的,你可以随意处置我。明天,如果你那温柔的声音 和可爱的嘴唇的温馨都不能使我复苏,我就真的一命呜呼了。今夜,我躺下时的心情与昨夜 是多么不同啊!昨天,阿黛勒,因为我相信你不爱我了,死神降临是我求之不得的。

    但我还是对自己说,就算她真的不爱我了,就算我已经没有任何地方值得她去爱了,就 算没有了她的爱,余生将索然无味,难道因此就要死去吗?我活着难道是为了自己的幸福吗 ?不!不论她爱不爱我,我的此生都是献给她的。我有什么权利敢要求她的爱?难道我能胜 过天使或神灵?我爱她,不错,即使没有回报;我也甘愿为她牺牲一切,甚至放弃被她爱的 希望。为了她的一个微笑,为了她的一次顾盼,我愿意为她做任何事。我有别的选择吗?我 活着不就是为了爱她吗?就算她对我漠不关心,甚至恨我,那只是我的不幸,如此而已。只 要她幸福,又有什么关系呢。是的,如果她不能爱我,我能责备的只有我自己。我的天职就 是紧紧跟随她,用我的生命去保护她;甘心做为她做抵御一切危险的屏障;把头颅献给她做 垫脚石,我要她永远无忧无虑,不祈求奖励,不希望报偿。如果她能间或发发善心,对她的 奴隶投来一丝怜悯的目光,在需要时记得他,那就是他莫大的幸福!唉!只要她肯让我为满 足她的小小愿望甚至任『性』而付出生命;只要她允许我满怀崇敬地亲吻她可爱的足迹;只要她 同意在生活历程的艰难时刻依靠我,我便得到了祈望的惟一幸福,因为我乐于为她牺牲一切 。她受过我的恩惠吗?我爱她是她的过失吗?难道因为我爱她,她就非爱我不成?不,她可 以玩弄我的感情,以怨报德,对我的崇拜不屑一顾。我也根本无权对我的天使有丝毫抱怨。 尽管她趾高气扬,我也不应当停止向她倾诉衷肠。即使我每天都为她做出牺牲,临终时我也 无法对她偿以还不清的欠债,因为有了她我才活了下来。

    我心爱的阿黛勒,这就是我昨夜此刻的心绪,今天还是这样。不同的是今天的想法掺进 了幸福的信念——如此洪福,想到它,我幸福地颤抖,几乎不敢相信。

    这么说,你真是爱我了,阿黛勒?告诉我吧,我能相信这醉人的福音吗?假如我能一辈 子照顾你,又能使你像我一样幸福,并使自己得到像我爱你般的你的爱,难道你不认为我会 高兴得发狂吗?啊,你的信给我的幸福恢复了我的平静。一千次地谢谢你,阿黛勒,我最心 爱的天使,但愿我能像匍匐在神像前那样匍匐在你的脚下。你给了我多么大的幸福啊!再见 ,晚安,我将在梦中与你欢聚!

    好好睡吧,让你的丈夫接受你答应他的12个吻,还要加上你没有答应的。

    永远忠实于你的

    维克多。雨果

    1820年1月

    victor hugo to adele foucher

    victor hugo

    jan。1820

    my beloved adele;

    a few words from you have again changed the state of my mind。 yes; you can d o anything with me; and tomorrow; i should be dead indeed if the gentle sound of your voice; the tender pressure of your adored lips; does not suffice to recall the life to my body。 with what different feeling to yesterday's i shall lay mys elf down tonight! yesterday; adele; i not longer believe in your love; the hour of death would have been welcome to me。

    and yet i still said to myself; if it is true that she does not love me; if nothing in me could deserve the blessing of her love; without which there is no longer any charm in life; is that a reason for dying。 do i exist for my own pers onal happiness。 no, my whole existence is devoted to her; even in spite of her。 and by what right should i have dared to aspire to her love。 am i then; more th an an angel or a deity。 i love her; true; even i; i am ready to sacrifice everyt hing gladly for her sakeeverything; even the hope of being loved by her; there is no devotedness of which i am not capable for her; for one of her smiles; for one of her looks。 but could i do otherwise。 is she not the sole aim of my life。 that she may show indifference to me; even hate me; will be my misfortune; that is all。 what does it matter; so that it does not injure her happiness。 yes; if she cannot love me i ought to blame myself only。 my duty is to keep close to her steps; to surround her existence with mine; to serve her as a barrier against a ll dangers; to offer her my head as a steppingstone; to place myself unceasing ly between her and all sorrows; without claiming reward; without expecting recom pense。 only too happy if she deigns some times to cast a pitying look upon her s lave; and to remember him in the hour of danger! alas! if she only allow me to g ive my life to anticipate her every desire; all her caprices; if she but permit me to kiss with respect her adored footprints; if she but consent to lean upon m e at times amidst the difficulties of life; then i shall have obtained the only happiness to which i have the presumption to aspire。 because i am ready to sacri fice all for her; does she owe me gratitude。 is it her fault that i love her。 mu st she; on that acomount; believe herself constrained to love me。 no! she may spo rt with my devotions; repay my services with hate; and repulse my idolatry with scorn; without my having for a moment the right to complain of that angel; nor o ught i to cease for an instant to lavish upon her all that which she would disda in。 and should every one of my days ha

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